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John Livingstone

John Livingstone

He described himself as “timorous and averse to debate.” You could have fooled me. I can’t detect a trace of timidity in him when he was called on the carpet for refusing to comply with the Act of Conformity of 1662 (called the Glasgow Act in...
John Livingstone

Edmund Calamy

I came upon Sermons of the Great Ejection recently, nine sermons from well-known Puritan preachers delivered on the Sunday before the Act of Uniformity of 1662 became law. The Church of England had become the official state religion, and anyone who couldn’t...
John Livingstone

Gertrude of Helfte

Gertrude entered a German monastery at five years old. It’s a shockingly early age to take up residence in a convent, perhaps bordering on child abuse to our modern sensibilities. But if you wanted your daughter to receive an education in the Middle Ages, the...
John Livingstone

Count Zinzendorf

Just for the record: Christians disagree with each other. Sometimes, we disagree in the strongest possible terms. John Wesley and Count Nicolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf (1700-1760) had much in common. John led a movement called Methodism to revitalize the Church of...
John Livingstone

Paul Gerhardt

The Reformed tradition (think Calvinism) and the Lutherans weren’t getting along in seventeenth century Germany. The feud was long-standing, and their theological differences were hotly debated. Paul Gerhardt (1607-1676) came to Berlin to pastor a Lutheran church,...